Specification for anodized film of aluminum and aluminum alloy GB/T 8013-200

ICS 77.120.10

H 60

national standards of People's Republic of China

GB/T 8013—200X

Replace GB/T 8013-1987

Aluminum and aluminum alloy anodized film specifications

Specifications of anodic oxide coatings on aluminium and its alloys

(ISO 7599:1983, Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys-General specifications for anodic oxide coatings on aluminium, MOD)

China National Standards Supervision and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China issued by the National Standardization Management Committee

200X-XX-XX release 200X-XX-XX implementation

GB/T 8013-200×

Foreword

This standard is in GB/T 8013-1987 "General specification for anodized films of aluminum and aluminum alloys" and ISO 7599-1983 "Aluminum and aluminum alloy anodized - anodized film general specification equivalent to GB/T 8013-1987 On the basis of, refer to EN 12373.1-2001 "Aluminum and aluminum alloy - anodizing - test method for decorative and protective anodized film", modified and used. The definitions are revised and unified in accordance with GB/T 11109-1989 "Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Anodizing Terminology" and the relevant national standards for the performance testing of aluminum anodized films.

The framework of this standard is basically in accordance with GB/T 8013-1987, and the technical contents are all checked, supplemented and revised with reference to EN 12373.1-2001. The following three parts have changed greatly.

(1) Chapter 7 sealing quality. The acid resistance test of 10.2.2 in the original standard was abolished, and the 9.2.1.2 phosphoric acid test (with nitric acid prepreg) was added as the arbitration method for the sealing quality of the anodized film of aluminum profiles.

(2) Chapter 13 Light reflection performance. The ISO method standard ISO 2767-1973 has been revoked, and the ISO 2813-1992 test standard for coatings and varnishes should be replaced, so this standard is revoked accordingly. And add ISO 7668-1986 and ISO 10125-1992 with reference to EN 12373.1-2001. The four measurement method standards for light reflection and image sharpness in this chapter are all newly established national standards.

(3) Four appendices are added to this standard.

Appendix A Principles of Surface Preparation,

Appendix B Description of average thickness and local thickness,

Appendix C. Guidelines for selecting film thickness levels,

Appendix D Guidance for cleaning materials in outdoor construction applications.

Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix D of this standard are informative annexes.

This standard replaces GB/T 8013-1987.

This standard was proposed by the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association.

This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Nonferrous Metals Standardization Technical Committee.

This standard is drafted by: National Nonferrous Metals Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Fujian Minfa Aluminum Co., Ltd., Guangdong Jianmei Aluminum Profile Co., Ltd., Guangdong Xingfa Innovation Co., Ltd., Fujian Nanping Aluminum Co., Ltd.

Participated in the drafting of this standard: National Nonferrous Metals Standardization Technical Committee, South China Nonferrous Metals Quality Supervision and Inspection Center.

The main drafters of this standard: Zhu Zufang, Li Yongfeng, Xu Jie.

Participated in the drafting of this standard:

This standard is explained by the National Nonferrous Metals Standardization Technical Committee.

The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are: GB/T 8013-1987.

Ι

GB/T8013-200×

Aluminum and aluminum alloy anodized film specifications

1 Scope

This standard is mainly applicable to the anodized film of aluminum and aluminum alloy for decoration and protection.

This standard defines the characteristics of anodized films of aluminum and aluminum alloys, proposes a test method for these characteristics, specifies the minimum performance of the oxide film, and clarifies the effect of pretreatment on the appearance and surface state of the processed article.

The scope of this standard does not apply:

a) barrier type non-porous anodized film;

b) a film formed by anodization in a chromic acid or phosphoric acid solution;

c) an anodic oxide film underlayer for organic coating or metal plating;

d) Hard anodized film applied in engineering.

2 Normative references

The terms in the following documents become the terms of this standard by reference to this standard. For dated references, subsequent Amendments (not including errata content) or modified versions do not apply to this document, but parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents are available. For undated references, the latest edition applies to this standard.

GB/T 4957 Non-conductive coating thickness measurement on non-magnetic metal bodies - eddy current method

GB/T 6461 Metal Covering Rating of plating samples after coating corrosion test of substrate with cathode

GB/T 6462 Metal and oxide coatings Cross-section thickness microscopy

GB/T 8014 Aluminium and aluminum alloy anodized oxide film thickness measurement method

GB/T 8752 Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Anodizing Thin Anodized Film Continuity Test - Copper Sulfate Test

GB/T 8753 Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Anodizing Oxide Film Sealing Quality Evaluation Method

GB/T 8754 Aluminium and aluminum alloy anodizing Application of breakdown potential method for testing insulation

GB/T 10125 artificial atmosphere corrosion test salt spray test

GB/T 11109 aluminum and aluminum alloy anodizing terminology

GB/T 11942 color building material colorimetric measurement method

GB/T 12967.1 Aluminium and aluminum alloy anodizing Determination of the average wear resistance of anodized film by jet tester

GB/T 12967.2 Aluminium and aluminum alloy anodizing Determination of wear resistance and wear coefficient of anodized film by wheel wear tester

1

GB/T8013-200×

GB/T 12967.3 Aluminium and aluminum alloy anodized oxide copper accelerated acetate spray test (CASS test)

GB/T 12967.4 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Anod.

GB/T 12967.5 Aluminium and aluminum alloy anodizing Deformation method for evaluation of crack resistance of anodized film

GB/T 16259 color building materials artificial climate accelerated color aging test method

GB/T×××× Anodic oxidation of aluminum and aluminum alloys Measure specular reflectance and specular gloss at 20°, 45°, 60° or 85°

GB/T×××× Aluminium and aluminum alloy anodizing Determination of aluminum surface reflection characteristics by shading angle meter or angle meter

GB/T×××× Anodic oxidation of aluminum and aluminum alloys

GB/T×××× Anodizing of aluminum and aluminum alloys Image clarity of anodized film Visual method by strip method

3 definition

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.

3.1

Aluminum Aluminium

Aluminum and aluminum based alloys.

3.2

Anodized aluminum anodized aluminium

Aluminum having an anodized film which is formed during electrolytic oxidation, which has protection, decoration or other functional properties.

3.3

Colorless anodized film clear anodic coating

A substantially colorless transparent anodized film.

3.4

Coloured anodized film coloured anodic coating

An anodized film that is colored during anodization or subsequent coloration.

3.5

Integrally colored anodized film

In a suitable electrolyte (usually based on an organic acid), the anodizing process itself self-generates a colored anodized film.

2

GB/T8013-200×

3.6

Electro-colored anodic coating

An anodized film colored by electrodeposition of a metal or metal oxide by a pore structure of an oxide film.

3.7

Dyed anodic coating

An anodized film colored by adsorbing a dye or a pigment in a pore structure.

3.8

Composite coloring anodized film combine-coloured anodic coating

An anodized film which is colored by electrolytic dyeing or whole coloring and then subjected to adsorption dyeing.

3.9

Interference colored anodized film interference-coloured anodic coating

An anodized film colored by a light interference effect.

3.10

Bright anodizing

Anodization with high specular reflectance as the main feature.

3.11

Protective anodizing

It is characterized by corrosion resistance and wear resistance, while the appearance is secondary or unimportant anodization.

3.12

Decorative anodizing

Anodizing with the appearance of uniformity and aesthetics as the main feature.

3.13

Construction anodizing

Anodizing in the construction industry is characterized by both appearance and longevity, for long-term, outdoor and stationary working conditions.

3.14

Sealing

A chemical treatment process performed after anodization to reduce pores and adsorption capacity in the oxide film.

3.15

Cold sealing hole

The chemical treatment process carried out at room temperature after anodization causes the pores of the anodized film to be clogged and the adsorption capacity to be lowered.

3

GB/T8013-200×

3.16

Effective surface

The surface of the object covers the portion of the oxide film, and the performance and appearance of this portion of the oxide film are important.

3.17

Measuring area

The area available for a single measurement on an active surface. The definition of "measured area" can be defined as follows:

a) For the mass loss method, “measuring area” means removing the area of the anodized film;

b) for the anodic dissolution method, the area refers to the area enclosed by the insulating ring of the electrolytic cell;

c) for microscopic methods, the area is the field of view at a specified magnification;

d) For non-destructive testing, this area refers to the area of the probe or the area that affects the reading.

3.18

Area of investigation

The area specified as a single measurement for a number of times.

3.19

Local thickness

The average thickness of the single measurement of the specified number of times is performed within the inspection area.

3.20

Minimum local thickness

The minimum value of the local thickness measured on the effective surface of an object.

3.21

Maximum local thickness

The maximum value of the local thickness measured on the effective surface of an object.

3.22

Average thickness

The thickness measured by the mass loss method, or the average of the local thickness uniformly measured over a specified number of times on the effective surface of an object.

4

GB/T8013-200×

4 Aluminum anodizing classification guide

Most aluminum and aluminum alloys can be anodized (see 4.4), but the results after anodizing vary widely, such as oxide film appearance, color, maximum thickness, reflectivity, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, and breakdown. Voltage, etc. Aluminum anodized films exhibit excellent protection in general engineering applications. For oxide films that require a special appearance (for example, anodized films that require a uniform appearance and a glossy surface), special grade aluminum should be selected. The most important thing in the production of this special-grade aluminum is to strictly control the chemical composition of the aluminum, the metallurgical process and the processing technology to suit it, to provide a high standard surface condition and to select a matching anodizing process. The classification of aluminum anodizing is actually difficult to rigorously divide, because manufacturers have developed a wide variety of products in order to meet the requirements of special industries and users, and there is no clear dividing line between various products.

Some of the items listed below are given general classification guidelines based on the end use of the aluminum alloy. Anodizing manufacturers must pay attention to the end use of the product. To this end, it is particularly important to emphasize the close cooperation between the aluminum supplier, the anodizing manufacturer and the user.

4.1 Quality of building materials

After the semi-finished construction materials are anodized, the appearance should be observed at a distance of not less than 3 m, and the surface of the semi-finished products should be uniform.

The same material, depending on the batch and shape, will look slightly different in appearance and color after anodization. Some defects, such as bright spots, streaks, and other macroscopic defects, sometimes need to be checked by rigorous inspection or by different angles. The above defects do not affect the quality of the oxide film under any circumstances. Acceptance criteria for such defects may be specified by the user (see Chapter 5).

Some special alloys have been developed for the overall coloration of anodizing processes, and special anodizing processes must be developed for special color surfaces.

4.2 Quality of decorative materials

The semi-finished product of the decorative material should have a particularly uniform appearance when viewed from a distance of 0.5 m. Depending on the material and the characteristics of the anodizing process, the decorative surface may be matt, flat or semi-scattered, but there are no other defects.

4.3 Quality of bright anodized materials

For bright anodized materials, pure aluminum ingots (99.7%) and high-purity aluminum ingots (99.99%) should be used. It is especially important to control the manufacturing process of the metal. In addition, special mechanical, chemical or electrochemical treatments are required to ensure a highly specular surface quality after anodization.

4.4 Quality of general engineering materials

Most of the aluminum materials belong to this type of anodizing treatment. This anodizing treatment gives a protective continuous oxide film, and its appearance may be good, but it is not guaranteed by appearance.

Processing plants and anodizing plants should note that the quality of high copper, high silicon and high zinc aluminum alloy anodizing can be